Advances and Prospects in MRNA Vaccines: Modern Horizons Versus New Emerging COVID-19, (SARS-CoV-2)

Over the past two decades, plenty of measures have been done in mRNA based technologies for candidates for vaccines. According to pre-clinical and clinical trials, mRNA vaccines not only are able to make long- term immune responses in both humans and animal models, but they are safe. Moreover, they have high potency for rapid improvement and the process of their manufacture is cost-effective; nevertheless, delivering of mRNA vaccines had faced some difficulties due to their instability and inefficient in vivo. During the write of this article, clinical trials are currently administrated by monster corporations vaccine producing around the globe, yet no remedy approach has been proved for new emerging SARS-CoV-2. Vaccine is taken into account as a major section in prevention of emerging viral diseases. In summary, this review discusses the two main classes of mRNA vaccines: conventional nonamplifying and self-amplifying mRNA. It summarizes the initial clinical studies and outlines the delivery system for mRNA vaccine based on technology. Finally, this review highlights a new perspective of mRNA vaccine based on technology against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).