The Brazilian sectoral innovation system in the field of Tissue Engineering and Bioprinting: actors, challenges and perspectives

The objective of this work is to map the main actors within the Brazilian innovation system framework in the field of tissue engineering and bioprinting, and analyze the main conditioners related to entrepreneurship and innovation. While keeping as a backdrop, the history of 3D Biotechnology Solutions startup, its challenges and projects. Tissue engineering is a subcategory of regenerative medicine with the purpose of repairing or substituting, partially or completely, tissues or organs that have been affected by some disease or lesion. The conventional methods used for the production of these biomaterials via tissue engineering do not have the capacity to mimic the reality of native structures in the nano, micro and macro scales, while guaranteeing the reproducibility andscalability ofthematerials. Technologies such as 3D bioprinting or additive manufacturing could change the way that many diseases are treated in the medium term by replacing the damaged tissues with custom bio-similar constructs. Mapping and reflections based on the innovation systems framework contribute to organize stimulus policies, stimulate interaction between actors, identify gaps and technological demands and periodically organize the analysis and expansion of this system in Brazil.