Penerapan Perilaku Pencegahan Penyakit Diabetes Mellitus Menggunakan Health Belief Model Di Puskesmas Sidorejo Lor – Salatiga

Abstrak Prediabetes adalah kondisi di mana kadar gula darah seseorang melebihi batas normal namun belum terlalu tinggi untuk masuk dalam kategori penyakit diabetes mellitus, untuk mencegah terjadinya diabetes mellitus bagi pasien pre-DM adalah dengan menerapkan perilaku pengendalian untuk mencegah penyakit diabetes mellitus. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku pencegahan pasien pre-DM terhadap diabetes mellitus berdasarkan teori Health Belief Model di Puskesmas Sidorejo Lor Salatiga. Desain penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan observasi dan wawancara menggunakan panduan wawancara terkait Health Belief Model dengan menghubungkan faktor persepsi kerentanan, keseriusan, manfaat, hambatan dan isyarat untuk bertindak. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yakni pasien pre-DM teregistrasi 1 tahun terakhir di Puskesmas Sidorejo Lor. Jumlah partisipan sebanyak lima orang dengan kriteria GDP 100-125 mg/dl dan atau keluarga memiliki riwayat penyakit DM. Hasil perilaku pencegahan diabetes mellitus dari persepsi kerentanan (keturunan penyakit kelurga), persepsi keseriusan (respon psikis), persepsi hambatan (kesibukan pekerjaan), persepsi cues to action (diet gula, olahraga, konsumsi obat herbal dan medis), persepsi manfaat (perilaku yang dilakukan dalam pencegahan diabetes mellitus). Kesimpulan terdapat hambatan perilaku pencegahan terutama pada aktivitas fisik olahraga hal ini disebabkan kesibukan pekerjaan sehingga partisipan belum teratur dalam melakukan olahraga. Kata kunci: Diabetes Mellitus, Health Belief Model, Pre-DM Abstract Prediabetes is a condition in which a person's blood sugar level exceeds the normal limit but is not yet too high to be categorized as diabetes mellitus. To prevent diabetes mellitus for pre-DM patients is to apply control behavior to prevent diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevention behavior of pre-DM patients against diabetes mellitus based on the theory of the Health Belief Model at Puskesmas Sidorejo Lor Salatiga. The research design was qualitative with an observation and interview approach using an interview guide related to the Health Belief Model by linking perceived factors of vulnerability, seriousness, benefits, barriers and cues to action. The population in this study were pre-DM patients registered in the last 1 year at Sidorejo Lor Health Center. The number of participants as many as five people with the criteria for GDP 100-125 mg / dl and / or their families have a history of DM disease. The results of diabetes mellitus prevention behavior from perceptions of vulnerability (family disease), perceptions of seriousness (psychological response), perceptions of barriers (busy work), perceptions of cues to action (sugar diet, exercise, consumption of herbal and medical drugs), perceived benefits (behaviors that are carried out in the prevention of diabetes mellitus). The conclusion is that there are barriers to preventive behavior, especially in physical activity, this is due to busy work so that the participants are not regular in exercising. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Health Belief Model, Pre-DM