Persistent Luminescence Nanocarriers Functionalization with PD-1 Enriched Cell Membrane Enable in Vivo Tumor Targeting and Colorectal Cancer Chemo-Immunotherapy

Colorectal cancer has become one of the malignant tumors with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, how to effectively treat colorectal cancer is crucial. Although nano delivery system has been applied to the therapy of colorectal cancer, the majority of existing nano delivery systems still have drawbacks such as low biocompatibility and poor targeting ability. In this work, programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) functionalized cell membrane bioinspired nanoplatform was prepared to enhance the targeting and therapeutic effect for colorectal cancer chemo-immunotherapy. Firstly, hollow long persistence luminescence nanomaterials were synthesized with superior background-free bioimaging effect and high drug-loading content. After loaded with cisplatin, the nanoplatform was camouflaged with erythrocyte and PD-1 expressed 293T hybrid cell membrane. In vivo animal imaging experiment showed that the nano delivery system camouflaged with hybrid cell membrane not only had excellent immune escape ability, but had excellent tumor active targeting ability. In vivo anticancer experiments showed that combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy of this nano delivery system could significantly inhibit tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. In summary, the PD-1 protein-functionalized cell membrane camouflage produced excellent immune escape ability and cancer active targeting ability, providing a new modality for biomimetic nano delivery systems.