The effect of vitamin D deficiency state on oxidized low-density lipoprotein alteration in patients with type 2 diabetes

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and blood glucose in very low and low levels of vitamin D. Methods: A total of 25 type-2 diabetic patients with very low serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (severe deficiency – <10 ng/ml); and 25 type-2 diabetic patients with low serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (deficient – 10 to 30 ng/ml) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Fasting plasma glucose (FBS), postprandial glucose (PPG), HbA1C, oxLDL, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured. Diagnostic accuracies were determined by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and measuring the area under the curve (AUC). Results: Patients with severe vitamin D deficiency had higher FBS, PPG, HbA1C, and oxLDL than the vitamin D deficient group (P<0.05). We showed that the AUC of FBS, PPG, HbA1C, and oxLDL were in the range of 0.7-0.9, which indicates moderate accuracies in differentiating severe vitamin D deficiency from deficiency condition. Conclusion: In conclusion, diabetic patients with severe vitamin D deficiency had higher FBS, PPG, and oxLDL levels compared with deficient ones. ROC curve analysis of FBS, PPG, HbA1C, and oxLDL showed these markers are independent predictors of severe vitamin D deficiency and significantly discriminate between very low and low levels of vitamin D deficiency in patients with diabetes. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D deficiency. OxLDL. Fasting blood glucose.