Study of the influence of different synthesis methods and precipitating agents in generation of nanoparticles of zirconium oxide / Estudo da influência de diferentes métodos de síntese e agentes precipitantes na geração de nanopartículas de óxido de zircônio

Zirconia was synthesized and characterized by two different methods: homogeneous precipitation and polymeric precursors. For each method were assessed the conditions of synthesis for the generation of nanoparticles. In homogeneous precipitation method the generation of solid was studied in terms of precipitating agent (ammonium carbonate and/or urea) and calcination temperature of 450°C and 600oC. In the polymeric precursor method, was studied the action of the esterificant agent (ethylene glycol and glycerol) and calcination temperature of 450°C and 600oC. The materials were characterized by techniques of XRD, TG/DTA, FTIR, N 2 -adsorption and TEM. An experimental design was performed using the Lorentz role representing the region of correlation for verification of effect of experimental conditions in the preparation of nanocrystals. Results show that variations in the synthesis results evaluated by each method do not significantly alter the generation of nanoparticles in the oxide, once both methods were promising for the generation of zirconium oxide nanoparticled in the range 6.1 to 15.9 nm. In general, among the methods employed can be noticed that the Pechini method using glycerol as an esterificant agent suites as a promising route for generation of nanoparticled zirconium oxide with good specific surface area and stabilizing the tetragonal phase.