Genetic Characterization of Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC cultivars from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Fifteen Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC accessions were collected and evaluated for their genetic diversity and molecular characteristics using 10 previously developed and used codominant SSR markers. The SSR loci used revealed a total of 51 alleles. The domestic kale varieties were collected locally and the hybrids kales were found in markets. The averages of total heterozygosity (H) and polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.6774 and 0.6201, respectively. The average number of alleles was 4.2 per locus, where 8 of 10 markers showed high polymorphic information content (PIC), being more than 0.5. The genetic relationships among the populations revealed by Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA), showed a clear clustering into three distinct groups. As expected, all local varieties were separated within two separated clusters, whereas only two domestic varieties shared one cluster with the group of hybrids, indicating similar genetic background shared by domestic and hybrid varieties. These results indicate and confirm the regional and physiological differences between the kale varieties and confirm the SSR marker efficiency for genetic characterization assays