Female genital mutilation (FGM) in Egypt, knowledge and concepts of Egyptian medical students: a cross-sectional study

There are many factors contributing to the existence of female genital mutilation (FGM). FGM has a long list of recorded complications, which include physical, obstetric, sexual, psychological and death. We assessed the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of FGM practice among Egyptian medical students. An online questionnaire was distributed. One thousand one hundred and forty-one participants completed questionnaires. 71.2% were aware of FGM complications especially among females. Two-thirds reported illegality. 7.8% were in favour of FGM conduct with a higher male preference. Religious and traditional factors were the principle contributing factors to the practice. Three quarters of female students did not agree that FGM increased the chance of marriage. Almost one-fifth of female students reported having been subject to FGM, with a high level of dissatisfaction. It was shown that Egyptian medical students lacked knowledge about FGM with no structured training, so every effort should be done to end this inhumane practice.Impact Statement What is already known on this subject? The conduct of female genital mutilation (FGM) in Egypt is motivated by a variety of factors, including social notions, cultural beliefs and theological misunderstanding. FGM has a long list of recorded complications, which might include physical, obstetric, sexual, psychological and even death. What do the results of this study add? This study provides policy makers and community managers with the evidence needed to advocate for the addition of FGM education to be introduced across the board in medical school curriculums. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Possible elimination of the practice and further research on how to eradicate the roots behind it.