Evaluation of the Effect of Hydromethanolic Seed Extract of Lepidium sativum L. (Fetto) on Deep-fried Palm Oil Diet Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease on Male Swiss Albino Mice

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent disease due to a dramatic change in dietary habits, especially an increase in consumption of fat and carbohydrates in deep-fried foods. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the effect of hydromethanolic seed extract of Lepidium sativum on deep-fried palm oil diet induced NAFLDon male mice. Methods: An experimental study design was conducted. Twenty-four male mice aged 8 to 10 weeks, weighing 32-42 g were divided into four groups. The four groups were divided into two controls and two treatments. Mice in normal control (C0) were administered only with the basal diet whereas negative control (C1) provided only with the deep-fried palm oil diet. The treatment groups T1, and T2 were administered with deep-fried palm oil diet and HMSELS at dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day, respectively for 28 days. Then on day 29, the mice were fasted overnight, anaesthetized and sacrificed by cervical dislocation after blood was taken by cardiac puncture for liver function tests while liver tissues were taken for histopathology investigation. Results: The serum ALT and total bilirubin showed significant decrement whereas the serum albumin levels showed significant increment in T2 group. However, serum AST and ALP levels were decreased significantly in both T1 and T2 groups. Besides, the T2 group liver sections of mice were showed better effect of HMSELS on restoring the damaged liver histopathology almost toward normal. Conclusion: The HMSELS at a dose of 400 mg/kg/day (T2) was more effective on the liver function tests and liver histopathology that altered by feeding deep-fried palm oil diet. The good protective effect of HMSELS against deep-fried palm oil diet-induced NAFLD might be due to its antioxidant content.