Ameliorative effects of Allium cepa Linn. scaly leaves extract on reproductive dysfunctions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats

Diabetes mellitus, an endocrine and metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and low blood insulin or target organs insensitivity to insulin affects life quality due to its complications. Infertility is a complication in diabetes. Various agents have been used for research on diabetes-induced infertility globally, but there are little documented treatments for diabetes associated infertility. Allium cepa scaly leaves extract (ACSLE) possess anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic activities. This study investigated the effects of ACSLE on reproductive dysfunctions in male diabetic rats. Twenty eight male rats were assigned to 4 groups (n=7): CT (control); DNT (streptozotocin, 60 mg/kg once, intraperitoneal), DT1 and DT2 (streptozotocin, 60 mg/kg once, intraperitoneal, ACSLE 125 and 250 mg/kg rat/day respectively). Organ samples were obtained after 2 weeks and testicular weights recorded. Fasting blood glucose was determined using a digital glucometer. Sperm count, motility, viability and morphology were assessed microscopically. Testes were histologically evaluated. Glucose levels were reduced in DT1 and DT2 compared with DNT. Testes weights increased in DT1and DT2 compared with DNT. Sperm concentration increased in DT1 and DT2 compared with DNT motility increased in DT1 and DT2 compared with DNT; viability increased significantly in DT1 and DT2 compared with DNT. Abnormal sperm morphology decreased in DT1 and DT2 compared with DNT. Testes showed degenerated cells in DNT and no lesions in DT1 and DT2. Reduced blood glucose, improved testicular functions and morphology showed that ACSLE ameliorated reproductive dysfunctions associated with streptozotocin-induced diabetes in male Wistar rats.