MicroRNAs and Lung Cancer: A Review Focused on Targeted Genes

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy techniques have been developed over many years, and anti-angiogenic therapy, molecular targeted therapy and immune-checkpoint inhibitors have become increasingly effective for treating lung cancer. However, the overall disease-free and survival rates of lung cancer remain quite low. MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that consist of an average of 22 nucleotide molecules. MicroRNAs play an important role in the development, progression, metastasis, diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer. This review summarizes the recent publications abnormally expressed miRNAs and the abnormal expression of their target genes in the biological process of lung cancer. This review aims to shed light on the recent advances in this field and to provide perspectives for future directions.