Ultrasound increases the success rate of spinal needle placement through the epidural needle during combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia

( Eur J Anaesthesiol . 2021;38:251–258. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000001380) Successful combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA) during cesarean section is important, and ultrasound-assisted placement may improve patient safety and satisfaction compared with placement using anatomic landmark palpation. This study specifically investigates whether ultrasound imaging before CSEA increases the first-pass success rate for spinal needle placement through the epidural needle.