Modern Evaluation of Endometrial Receptivity

Endometrial receptivity is a physiological state in which the endometrium acquires an adhesive phenotype permitting embryo implantation, the initial step of life’s journey. The assessment of the endometrial receptivity is an essential component of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and assisted reproductive techniques (ART) to avoid implantation failure and improve pregnancy outcomes since implantation of a healthy embryo will never occur out of the window of implantation. Even though techniques based on visuals are commonly used to pay attention to the endometrium, the uprising of molecular techniques allows to find the personal receptive transcriptomic profile and the endometrial microbiome balance of every single patient to synchronize embryo transfer during the optimal receptive period, a strategy known as personalized embryo transfer (pET). Such studies have produced a large amount of information that, when combined with bioinformatics techniques, will lead to a better understanding of endometrial physiology and, consequently, to improve reproductive success.