Síndrome de burnout y satisfacción laboral en enfermeras españolas en tiempo de crisis económica

espanolObjetivo: analizar el grado de burnout y de satisfaccion laboral en enfermeras espanolas en tiempos de crisis economica. Metodo: la poblacion de estudio fueron enfermeras espanolas que desarrollaban su actividad en Espana o en el extranjero. Se distribuyo una encuesta online a traves de redes sociales desde octubre de 2017 hasta mayo de 2018 que contenia el cuestionario CUBO para valorar burnout y el de satisfaccion laboral de Warr, Cook y Wall. El muestreo fue por conveniencia. Se llevo a cabo un analisis descriptivo y analitico con pruebas parametricas y no parametricas. Resultados: participaron 1.346 enfermeras. El 39,67% tenia sindrome de burnout, el 37,07% estaba en riesgo de padecerlo. La satisfaccion laboral era de grado medio y se asociaba negativamente al grado de burnout. El 16,34% pensaba que se habia equivocado de profesion, el 43,16% se habia planteado comenzar otros estudios para orientar su vida profesional hacia otra area y el 59,29% pensaba que se habia endurecido emocionalmente. Los profesionales de Enfermeria estaban insatisfechos fundamentalmente con su salario, las relaciones sociales entre direccion y trabajadores, las oportunidades de promocion, la forma de direccion de la empresa, la atencion que se presta a sus sugerencias y las horas de trabajo. Se encontro correlacion negativa entre la satisfaccion laboral y el sindrome de burnout. La mayoria consideraba que la crisis habia afectado a sus condiciones laborales. Conclusiones: se ha detectado un elevado grado de burnout y de insatisfaccion laboral en profesionales de Enfermeria espanoles. Se presenta asociacion negativa entre el sindrome de burnout y la satisfaccion laboral. Los profesionales de Enfermeria consideran que la crisis economica ha repercutido negativamente en la profesion. EnglishObjectives: to analyze the level of burnout and job satisfaction among Spanish nurses at times of economic crisis. Methods: the study population consisted in Spanish nurses carrying out their activity in Spain or abroad. An online survey was distributed through the social networks from October, 2017 until May, 2018, including the CUBO questionnaire for burnout assessment, and the Warr, Cook, and Wall’s Job Satisfaction Scale. Convenience sampling was used, and descriptive and analytical analysis was conducted with parametric and non-parametric tests. Results: the study included 1,346 nurses; 39.67% of them had Burnout Syndrome, and 37.07% were at risk of suffering it. Also, 16.34% of them thought that they had chosen the wrong profession, 43.16% had considered studying something different in order to orientate their professional life towards another area, and 59.29% of them thought that they had become emotionally tougher. Nursing professionals were essentially unsatisfied with their salary, the social relationships between management and workers, promotion opportunities, the way in which the company was managed, the attention paid to their suggestions, and their working hours. A negative correlation was found between job satisfaction and Burnout Syndrome. The majority considered that the crisis had had an impact on their working conditions. Conclusions: a high level of burnout and job dissatisfaction has been detected among the Spanish Nursing professionals. There is a negative association between Burnout Syndrome and job satisfaction. Nursing professionals consider that the economic crisis has had a negative impact on their profession.