Enhancing electron transport via graphene quantum dot/SnO₂ composites for efficient and durable flexible perovskite photovoltaics

Low-temperature processed GQDs and SnO2 nanoparticles composites (G@SnO2) have been prepared through a facile synthetic path. Facilitated electron transfer and suppressed interfacial charge recombination enable flexible perovskite solar cells with superb efficiency and excellent durability.