Land system regime shifts and their impacts on human well-being in forest frontier landscapes of Madagascar and Myanmar

h contexts, managing land use to ensure both desired ES flows and human well-being - i.e. sustainability transformation - is often seen as a "wicked problem" The forest frontier contexts of Madagascar and Myanmar illustrate the abovementioned sustainable development challenges. Both countries have experienced a transformation of their subsistence based small-holder shifting cultivation systems towards commercial agriculture. Spatially distant actors and their claims on land have contributed to highly dynamic local land use changes and overall land system regime shifts. To date, however, there is little understanding of their impacts on ES and human well-being in local SES. Yet this understanding is crucial to the negotiation of trade-offs between economic development and maintaining bundles of ES between actors at different scales. We have therefore collected empirical data on the impact of land use changes on human well-being via a methodological approach including gender-separated focus group discussions and individual semi-structured interviews in the two countries. Here, we propose to present first results of a comparative analysis regarding 1) the most important aspects of human well-being in each context; 2) interviewees' capabilities to achieve different well-being aspects; 3) the contribution of ES to different well-being aspects; 4) and how the capabilities and contribution of ES have changed over the last 20 years. Although both countries have experienced similar land use change trajectories, the impacts on well-being differ, which highlights the importance of context specifity in well-being assessments.