Nanomaterial Surface Modifications for Enhancement of the Pollutant Adsorption From Wastewater

With the development of dyeing, textile, leather, paper, and other chemical industries, an increasing amount of dye wastewater containing refractory organic dyes is discharged. Undoubtedly, much high content dye wastewater will lead to serious environmental issues such as color pollution, light penetration interference, and virulence to aquatic organisms, even endanger human health. Therefore, it is an imminent problem and has become a global concern to degrade dye wastewater efficiently. So far, many techniques have been used to degrade dyeing wastewater, such as chemical degradation, biological degradation, photochemical degradation, coagulation, membrane filtration, and combined methods. These methods have certain impacts on the degradation of dye wastewater, but usually with slow degradation rate, complex and high operation costs, as well as easily causing secondary pollution. The adsorption process is a simple, effective, and low-cost way to remove dyes.