Properties of Nanomaterials and Environment

The chapter provides a timely review of the various properties of nonmaterial and their applications into environmental compartments. An extensive variety of poisonous chemicals is discharged into the environment because of globalization and industrialization. The dimensional, compositional, geometric, and structural properties are fundamental to convey usefulness of the nanomaterials. The controlled sizes and shapes of nanoparticles are anticipated to yield unique catalytic, electrochemical, and photochemical properties. The electrochemical properties of monolayer-functional metal nanoparticles are expected to be controlled by the particle sizes. Metal nanomaterials have interesting optical properties due to strong surface plasmon absorption and field enhancement effects; metal oxides lack visible absorption due to very large bandgap. Nanocomposites have complex optical properties. Nanomaterials present gigantic advantages on diverse applications, catalysis, imaging, biotechnological, and sensor applications due to their improved properties.