Analysis and Control of a Dynamical Model for HIV Infection With One or Two Inputs

A dynamical model that describes the interaction between the HIV virus and the human immune system is presented. This model is used to investigate the effect of antiretroviral therapy, consisting of RTI and PI drugs, along with the result of undesired treatment interruption. Furthermore, the effect of both drugs can be combined into a single parameter that further simplifies the model into a single input system. The value of the drug inputs can be adjusted so that the system has the desired equilibrium. Drug administration can also be adjusted by a feedback control law, which although it linearizes the system, may have issues in its implementation. Furthermore, the system is linearized around the equilibrium, leading to a system of linear differential equations of first order that can be integrated into courses of control systems engineering, linear and nonlinear systems in higher education.