Advance care planning in Canada

This chapter describes how advance care planning (ACP) is being implemented in Canada. It highlights the use of an organizing National Framework for Advance Care Planning and a recent conceptual framework of end-of-life communication and decision making. A feature of the Canadian landscape are networks of collaboration and partnerships including research and non-governmental organizations, and examples of regional and national initiatives are presented in the boxes. A summary is provided of barriers, facilitators, the cultural milieu, and future opportunities for ACP in Canada. Implementation of ACP in Canada has followed a multi-faceted approach, with significant national leadership, key stakeholder participation and consumer engagement strategies, with important outcomes demonstrated.