Zwitterionic Iron Oxide (γ-Fe₂O₃) Nanoparticles Based on P(2VP-grad-AA) Copolymers

This study presents the synthesis and characterization of zwitterionic core–shell hybrid nanoparticles consisting of a core of iron oxide multicore nanoparticles (MCNPs, γ‐Fe 2 O 3 ) and a shell of sultonated poly(2‐vinylpyridine‐g rad ‐acrylic acid) copolymers. The gradient copolymers are prepared by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of 2‐vinylpyridine (2VP), followed by the addition of tert ‐butyl acrylate and subsequent hydrolysis. Grafting of P(2VP‐ grad ‐AA) onto MCNP results in P(2VP‐ grad ‐AA)@MCNP, followed by quaternization using 1,3‐propanesultone—leading to P(2VP S ‐ grad ‐AA)@MCNP with a zwitterionic shell. The resulting particles are characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and thermogravimetric analysis measurements, showing particle diameters of ≈70–90 nm and an overall content of the copolymer shell of ≈10%. Turbidity measurements indicate increased stability toward secondary aggregation after coating if compared to the pristine MCNP and additional cytotoxicity tests do not reveal any significant influence on cell viability. image