Flexible conductive silk-PPy hydrogel toward wearable electronic strain sensors

Conductive hydrogels have been studied as promising materials for the flexible and wearable bioelectronics, because of their unique electrical and mechanical properties. Addition of conducting polymers in biomaterial-based hydrogel matrix is a simple yet effective way to construct hydrogels with good conductivity and flexibility. In this work, a conductive hydrogel composed by a silk hydrogel and a conducting polymer, polypyrrole (PPy), is developed via in situ polymerization of pyrrole into the silk fibroin network. The silk-PPy hydrogel shows high conductivity (26 S m(-1)), as well as sensitive and fast responses to corresponding conformation changes. Taking advantages of these properties, flexible and wearable strain sensors are proposed for the monitoring of various body movements, which can detect both the large and subtle human motions with good sensitivity, reproducibility and stability. The hybridization of biomaterials and conducting polymers endows the multifunctions of the conductive hydrogels, thus showing considerable potentials in the advancement of the wearable electronics.