Awareness and Usage of Personal Protective Equipment among Construction Workers and Their Hearing Assessment by Pure Tone Audiometry; A Cross-Sectional Study in South India

Context: Occupational hazards at the building construction workplace are enormous. Good compliance to the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) alongside other safety measures is critical in reducing the hazards. Occupational hearing loss is one such occupational hazard among construction workers. Aims: This study was conducted for determining the awareness of the benefits of PPE and its usage among construction workers along with hearing assessment. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted among construction workers in a building project in Mangaluru city in Dakshina Kannada district in South India. Methods and Material: After obtaining informed written consent, 110 construction workers were recruited by simple random sampling method. Basic information, awareness, and use of PPE were collected using a semistructured questionnaire through personal interviews. Hearing assessment was done by pure tone audiometry. Statistical Analysis Used: Data collected was analyzed. Chi-square test and Fischer's exact probability test were used to test the association between variables. Results: Majority (85.5%) of the construction workers are working for duration of 15 years or less. Difficulty in hearing was reported by 9.6% of them. Awareness regarding benefits of using personal protective devices like helmets, masks, and earplugs/muffs were 58.2%, 56.4%, and 14.5%, respectively. The utilization of at least one PPE among them was 58.1%. The presence of sensory neural hearing loss (SNHL) in both/either ears was detected among 14.5% of the workers. There was a statistically significant association of SNHL among workers and their duration of construction work. Conclusion: The current study highlights that awareness and usage of PPE was low and a proportion of them had a hearing impairment. Occupational health and safety training along with a periodic examination of construction workers need to be focused so as to detect and manage occupational health hazards early.