Current concepts from diagnosis to management in Gorham-Stout disease: a systematic narrative review of about 350 cases
EFORT OPEN REVIEWS(2022)
Abstract
Patients with Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) present progressive destruction and resorption of bone. Typical bone-related symptoms include swelling, pain and functional impairment in the region involved. The three aspects of GSD etiopathology are osteoclasts, angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis and osteoblast function. Multi-targeted pharmacological approach includes innovative options and represent milestones of treatment, sometimes associated with radiotherapy. Surgery is mainly used to treat complications: pathologic/impending fractures, spinal instability or deformities and chylothorax. In this narrative review, we highlight current standards in diagnosis, clinical management and therapeutic strategies.
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Key words
phantom bone disease,osteolysis,differential diagnosis,radiotherapy,bone tumors,treatment,diagnosis,symptoms,surgery
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