Effect of hepatitis C antiviral therapy on oral lichen planus and hyposalivation in inmates

Background Oral lichen planus (OLP) and hyposalivation have been reported as extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Our study evaluated the effect of direct antiviral agents (DAAs) on OLP and hyposalivation in convicts with chronic hepatitis C, examining patients before, during and after the antiviral treatment period with direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs). Methods We screened 198 inmates for the presence of the HCV antibody. Patients found to be positive underwent a quantitative HCV-RNA test and HCV genotype typing, as well as an oral cavity examination using a scoring system for OLP (REU score) and the clinical oral dryness score (CODS). Subsequently, all patients underwent DAA therapy and a systematic physical examination of the oral cavity at 1, 3 and 6 months from the beginning of treatment. Results Fifty patients (25.25%) had a positive HCV-RNA test. At baseline, OLP was detected in 4 patients (8%), with a mean REU score of 10.13 +/- 4, and different degrees of hyposalivation were seen in 17 patients (34%), with a mean CODS score of 4.71 +/- 1.72. Six months after the start of DAA therapy, we observed resolution of OLP in 3 patients (75%) and improvement in the remaining subject with a significantly lower mean REU score (2 +/- 4). Hyposalivation disappeared in 5 patients, improved in 10, and remained unchanged in 2 patients with a significantly lower mean CODS score (0.06 +/- 0.24). Conclusion This study demonstrated the effectiveness of DAAs in the treatment of OLP and hyposalivation.