Cyanobacteria

Cyanobacteria are the most abundant autotrophic organisms found in a diverse environment. These bacteria are best known for fixing the free atmospheric nitrogen, producing organic substances, and maintaining the soil structure. Moreover, they are used as food, fertilizers, secondary metabolites, including exopolysaccharides, vitamins, toxins, enzymes, pharmaceuticals, and wastewater treatment. Though they have a broad range of applications, the most challenging part is the cultivation and handling of cyanobacteria cultures. The most important criteria to keep in mind while performing isolation and purification of cyanobacteria are specific site selection, appropriate media, incubation time, temperature, and light. This protocol chapter provides detailed information for isolation, production, and identification of cyanobacteria.