Status of Compassinate, Respectful and Caring Health Service Delivery: A Scoping Review of Human Factors in Care Delivery (Preprint)

BACKGROUND As countries are trying to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC), quality delivery of health services is crucial. Compassionate, Respectful and Caring health professional (CRC) is an initiative on the need to provide quality services of care to clients and patients. However, there is an evidence gap on the status of compassionate, respectful and caring health care service delivery. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aimed to map global evidences on the status of compassionate, respectful and caring health service delivery practice METHODS An exhaustive literature review and Delphi technique was used to find out the research questions. The studies were searched using electronic databases like MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane library, Web of Science, Hinari and WHO library. Additionally, grey literature like Google, Google scholar and World Wide Science were scrutinized. Studies that applied any study design, data collection and analysis methods related to Caring, Respectful and Compassionate care were included. Two authors extracted the data and compared the results. Discrepancies were resolved by discussion or the third reviewer made the decision. The study findings from the existing literature were presented using thematic analysis. RESULTS A total of 1,193 potentially relevant studies were generated from the initial search and 20 studies were included in the final review. From this review, we have identified five thematic areas named as; the status of CRC implementation, facilitators for CRC health care service delivery, barriers in CRC health care delivery, Disrespectful and abusive care encountered by patients; and Perspectives on CRC. The findings of this review indicated that improving the monitoring mechanism of the health facility, improving accountability and aware of the consequences of maltreatment within facilities were critical steps to improve the health care delivery practices. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review identified that as there were low practices of compassionate, respectful and caring (CRC) service provision. Lack of training, the volume of patient flow and bed shortage were founded the main contributors of CRC health care delivery. Therefore, the health care system shall to consider the components of CRC in health care delivery through in-service training, pre-service training, monitoring and evaluation, community engagement, workload division and performance appraisal.