Knowledge Graph Embeddings or Bias Graph Embeddings? A Study of Bias in Link Prediction Models.

Link Prediction aims at tackling Knowledge Graph incompleteness by inferring new facts based on the existing, already known ones. Nowadays most Link Prediction systems rely on Machine Learning and Deep Learning approaches; this results in inherent opaque models in which assessing the robustness to data biases is not trivial. We define 3 specific types of Sample Selection Bias and estimate their presence in the 5 best-established Link Prediction datasets. We then verify how these biases affect the behaviour of 9 systems representative for every major family of Link Prediction models. We find that these models do indeed learn and incorporate each of the presented biases, with a heavily negative effect on their behaviour. We thus advocate for the creation of novel more robust datasets and of more effective evaluation practices.