Effect of ozone on submandibular salivary gland of alloxan-induced diabetic rats: Histological and ultrastructural study

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from insufficiency and /or dysfunction of insulin. Several pathological changes in acini and ducts of submandibular salivary gland were demonstrated in diabetes Recently, ozone has been introduced in medical filed as new therapeutic agent using its benefits effects on subsiding the destructive effects of diabetes mellitus. Aim of study: The current study was performed to examine the effect of ozone on submandibular salivary gland of alloxan-induced diabetic rats at histological and ultrastructural levels. Methods: Thirty male albino rats were randomly divided into 3 groups each one ten rats as follows; group I (control), group II (diabetic) exposed to diabetes induction model by alloxan. group III (ozone) rats received intraperitoneal administration of ozone at a dose of 1.1 mg/kg. The rats from each group were euthanized 6 weeks after experiment. The submandibular salivary glands were removed and examined at histologically and ultrastructural levels. Results: histological examination of diabetic rats revealed sever degenerative changes of the glandular tissue including intracytoplasmic vacuolization, different sizes and shape of the acinar cells. Atrophic striated ducts and granular convoluted tubules with retained eosinophilic secretory material. In ozone treated rats, reversion of the destructive effects of diabetes was noticed and the gland nearly exhibited a normal architecture pattern, including normal acini, striated ducts and granular convoluted tubules structure with small number of intracytoplasmic vacuolization and little amount of eosinophilic material. The ultrastructure examination of diabetic rats revealed irregular dark nuclei perinuclear spaces, large cytoplasm vacuoles, irregular dilated degenerated rough endoplasmic reticula with degenerated mitochondria in acinar cells and striated duct. Depletion of secretory vesicles in serous cells and coalescing of electron lucent secretory vesicles in mucous cells. Myoepithelial cell showed clumping of the nuclear chromatin. For ozone treated rats, glandular tissue (serous and mucous cells, striated duct) showed mostly normal structure with little signs of degenerative changes including small cytoplasm vacuoles, little amount of rough endoplasmic reticula dilatation. Myoepithelial cells appeared with normal nucleus others showed little amount of nuclear clumping chromatin. Conclusion: Ozone as a potent oxidizer that has a potential therapeutic role in reversing the destructive effects of diabetes on submandibular salivary gland. [Doaa A. Taiema, Reda Gaber Saleh, Elsayed Mohamed Deraz. Effect of ozone on submandibular salivary gland of alloxan-induced diabetic rats: Histological and ultrastructural study. Life Sci J 2019;16(10):112-121]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 13. doi:10.7537/marslsj161019.13.