Evaluating antibacterial efficacy of antibiotic, anti- inflammatory non antibiotics and calcium hydroxide against enterococcous faecalis in an endodontic model: an in-vitro study

Aims and Objective: Current study aims to evaluate and compare the antibacterial efficacy of Amoxicillin, Ibuprofen, Diclofenac and routinely used intracanal dressing calcium hydroxide against E faecalis with the aid of an in-vitro endodontic model. Materials and method: Eighty single rooted mandibular premolar teeth were selected and decoronated to standardize the root length to 14 mm. Then all the roots were prepared biomechanically using rotary up to F3 Protaper; followed by 3% NaOCl irrigation. Final irrigation was done with 17% EDTA; followed by a flush of irrigation with 2ml of saline.After irrigating all the root canals were dried and then the apical foramen was sealed. Then all the samples were autoclaved. 5μl of E faecalis bacterial suspension was transferred and inoculated into the prepared and autoclaved sample. Inoculation procedure was done in every 72 hr. for 14 days and the samples were kept in oven at body temperature (37°C). After 24 hrs of incubation period of all samples counting of bacterial colonies on agar plates was done. All the samples were then randomly divided into 4 groups: Group I Calcium hydroxide + distilled water, Group II Ibuprofen +distilled water, Group III Diclofenec +distilled water and Group IV Amoxicillin + distilled water. After 7 days, in each sample again colony factor count was recorded and compared. Results: The Amoxicillin group showed the least bacterial colonies value after 7 days, followed by Diclofenec group, then Ibuprofen group and maximum bacterial colonies were in Calcium hydroxide group. Conclusion: AfterAmoxicillin, Ibuprofen and Diclofenac have significantly more pronounced antibacterial activity against E faecalis in comparison with Ca(OH)2. Thus, Anti-inflammatory non antibiotics (Ibuprofen and Diclofenac) can be used as an alternative to antibiotics.