Haematological Profile of Enteric Fever in Children: Study in Dhaka Shishu (children) hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Introduction: Enteric (Typhoid) fever is considered to be a major public health problem in many developing countries of the world and it has also been gradually testified from the developed countries. It is mainly caused by a bacterium called Salmonella entericaserovarTyphi which is related to the bacteria that cause salmonella food poisoning. It is clinically demonstrated by a tenacious fever, headache, constipation, extreme fatigue, joint pain, splenomegaly, inflammation of the intestine with the formation of intestinal ulcers, a characteristic rose-spot eruption on the abdomen. Almost 80% of cases and death occur in Asia. Aim of the study:To assess the haematological factors of Enteric fever in children of Bangladesh.Material & Methods: This was an observational study which was conducted at theDepartment of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Community Paediatrics, Bangladesh Institute of Child Health (BICH), Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2018 to December 2018Total 133 cases were selected using random sampling technique. Informed written consent was obtained from each patient before the procedure. A pre-designed questioner had been used to collect all the necessary data from the participants. Program MSExcel was used in collecting data, SPSS version 21 was used in analyzing data. On the other hand, several tables were used to disseminate data. Following was the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the present study. Results: In this study 50(37.6%) cases were culture positive where 44(88%) cases were S. typhi and 6(12%) cases were paratyphi; and 83(62.4%) cases were culture negative. Widal test results by the duration of illness in presenting with clinical presentation suspicious of typhoid fever shows that, of the total 121(91%) positive cases duration of illness of ≤ 7 days was 50(86.2%), duration of illness of >7 days was 71(94.7%); of the total 12(9%) negative cases duration of illness of ≤ 7 days was8(13.8%), duration of illness of >7 days was 4(5.3%). widal + CS positive shows, 44(33.1%) cases were widalpositive+CS positive, 83(62.4%) cases were widalpositive+CS negative, 6(4.5%) cases were widalpositive+CS negative. Of the total 121 widal test positive, 44 were blood culture positive and 77 were blood culture negative; while out of 12 widal test negative, 6 were blood culture positive and 6 were blood culture negative. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the cases those are widalpositive+CS positive, widalpositive+CS negative, widalpositive+CS negative. Further studies are needed to study the blood indices in patients with typhoid fever.