Telehealth and Telemedicine: A Practical Review(Including Applications for COVID-19)

Telehealth’s efficacy has been supported by copious research studies, finding it as effective—and in some applications, more effective—than conventional medicine. Telemedicine has been a practical method in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic in consulting patients, tracking data, and caring for confined patients. However, further research is needed regarding telemedicine in the intensive care setting and, maternal and child health care. The AMA’s Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs has directed physicians to encourage patient access to telehealth and telemedicine services. However, professional organizations and institutions should oversee telehealth and telemedicine regarding adverse outcomes. Telemedicine has shown distinct superiority compared to conventional health care delivery; however, it is not the most favorable option for all conditions and circumstances. Telehealth uses novel technological applications, providing conducive medical services, fostering efficiency in health care delivery. Telemedicine is a telehealth subgroup, incorporating technology-based virtual platforms and offering diverse and qualitative health-related information, medical advice, and remote patient monitoring. Succinctly, telemedicine is the medical practice relying on a virtual interface. Telehealth impacts health care cost-reduction positively. However, assimilating it into the established health care delivery system cannot occur quickly due to specific constraints brought by human factors, economic conditions, and the need for more advanced technology. Telemedicine and telehealth are likely to become vital constituents of health care’s future. However, its integration and advancement demand cooperation among medical organizations, technology specialists, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and legislative bodies.