Epidemiology, viral pathogenesis and host immune response to SARS-Cov-2 infection

Background: The current outbreak of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 raised fundamental public health concerns as its emergence has been marked the third introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population after SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in the twenty-first century. Recent advancement of SARS-CoV-2 infection revealed mechanism of immune evasion during the pathogenesis. Hence, this study reviewed available literature on epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2, viral pathogenesis, host immune response to the infection and potential vaccine trial for the treatment of the infection. Methods: Systematic review technique was used for this study. Results: This study provides an immunological insight into the SARS-CoV-2 infection for better understating of the virus and as well as the strategies for use in combating the disease. Conclusion: This predictive view may help in designing an immune intervention or preventive vaccine for COVID19 in the near future.