Adenosquamous Carcinoma of Sigmoid Colon: First Case Report in Pediatrics and Literature Review

Abstract Background Colon adenosquamous carcinoma is an extremely rare cancer, especially in young people. No case of colon adenosquamous carcinoma in pediatric patient has been reported so far. Case presentation Here we present the case of a 16-year-old Chinese girl diagnosed with adenosquamous carcinoma of sigmoid colon. We performed laparoscopic sigmoidectomy with lymphadenectomy on the patient. Unfortunately, she developed liver metastasis less than 1 month after surgery. Then we implemented percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of liver mass and 4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy on her. However, liver metastasis recurred less than 4 months after radiofrequency ablation. The girl eventurally died in 8 months after surgical resection of sigmoid colon. As far as we know, this girl is the youngest patient with sigmoid colon adenosquamous carcinoma reported so far, and the first reported case of colon adenosquamous carcinoma in pediatrics. Conclusion Only 8 months from detection to death, this case indicates the prognosis of colon adenosquamous carcinoma is poor, and adenosquamous carcinoma of colon may even have worse prognosis in pediatrics than in adults. In addition, cases with liver metastasis have a awfully unfavorable prognosis for colon adenosquamous carcinoma patients.