Beamforming with Intelligent Metasurfaces: Operating Principles and Possible Implementations

This article discusses a beamforming architecture based on the Programmable Metasurfaces (PMS) for use in future telecommunications. Reflecting beamforming PMS operate by controlling the local reflection phase while omitting the amplitude information. By optimizing the reflection phase distribution using different algorithms, the sidelobe levels are minimized. The acquired phase distributions obta...