Vegetation-heatwave correlations and contrasting energy exchange responses of different vegetation types to summer heatwaves in the Northern Hemisphere during the 1982–2011 period

•Strong interannual correlations between summer heatwaves and leaf area index•Positive correlations in boreal evergreen forests (BEF) of North America•Negative correlations in grasslands (GSL) and temperate forests (TF)•Lower albedo and higher sensible heat in BEF in high-LAI years intensify heatwaves•Enhanced latent heat and cooling in GSL and TF in high-LAI years suppress heatwaves