Single Step Encapsulation Process Of Ivermectin In Biocompatible Polymer Using A Supercritical Antisolvent System Process

This paper reports the production of ivermectin (IVM)-encapsulated lecithin/poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanoparticles via supercritical antisolvent system (SAS). Of a total of nine formulations, experimental condition R7 containing 10% lecithin relative to polymer (PMMA) resulted in the smallest average experimental particle diameter (d(exp)), more stable surface charges and high IVM encapsulation efficiency (75.9 +/- 2.5%). Nanoparticles were morphologically, thermally, and conformationally characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis/thermogravimetric derivative (TGA/DTG), and Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR/ATR) techniques. In vitro release test showed that the drug has a controlled release of approximately 110 h. Peppas-Sahlin model (R-2 = 0.99) was able to describe the diffusion of the drug correctly. Cytotoxicity analysis showed high compatibility of nanoparticles with epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages. Population balance equation was used to determine kinetic parameters from experimental data of average particle diameter. Synthesized nanoparticles showed high solution stability, good encapsulation capacity, and showed no adverse effects on cell viability, indicating their high potential as a new IVM carrier system for veterinary medicine and human applications.