Interdigital Palmar Dermatoglyphics Patterns Of Bangladeshi Down Syndrome Patient

Background: Dermatoglyphics study the ridged skin patterns of the palms, fingers, soles and toes. They remain unchanged throughout life and are unique for the individual. Hereditary factors determine the size, relative position and type of pattern formed by the dermal ridges in the palm's interdigital areas. The present study was conducted to evaluate the interdigital association pattern of palmar dermatoglyphics among the Down syndrome patient. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional observational analytical study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Chittagong Medical College (CMC), Chattogram from January 2018 to January 2019. A total of 200 participants were included by convenient sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. One hundred Down syndrome patients were recruited in the study group from different Down syndrome society organizations in Bangladesh. One hundred other medical science and dental background students studying at CMC were selected as control irrespective of sex. Dermatoglyphics print was taken by the ink and paper method. The detailed dermatoglyphic analysis was done by using a magnifying glass, calculator and scale. Data were analysed for statistical significance by Chi-square test wherever applicable, by using a computer-based program SPSS-23 and MS Excel. P value was considered significant if it was <0.05 at a 95% level of confidence. Results: The interdigital pattern frequencies showed that the third interdigital loops of Down's syndrome were found in 78% of the right hands and 78% of the left hands (P < 0.001). The corresponding figures were 47% and 42% of the controls, respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusion: It is revealed that there are significant differences in the interdigital pattern between Down syndrome patients and the control group.