A Hierarchical Hybrid Locking Protocol For Parallel Real-Time Tasks
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON EMBEDDED COMPUTING SYSTEMS(2021)
Abstract
Parallel tasks have been paid growing attention in recent years, and the scheduling with shared resources is of significant importance to real-time systems. As an efficient mechanism to provide mutual exclusion for parallel processing, spin-locks are ubiquitous in multi-processor real-time systems. However, the spin-locks suffer the scalability problem, and the intra-task parallelism further exacerbates the analytical pessimism. To overcome such deficiencies, we propose a Hierarchical Hybrid Locking Protocol (H2LP) under federated scheduling. The proposed H2LP integrates the classical Multiprocessor Stack Resource Policy (MSRP) and uses a token mechanism to reduce global contentions. We provide a complete analysis framework supporting both heavy and light tasks under federated scheduling and develop a blocking analysis with the state-of-the-art linear optimization technique. Empirical evaluations showed that the H2LP outperformed the other state-of-the-art locking protocols in at least 85.9% configurations when considering exclusive clustering. Furthermore, our partitioned approach for light tasks can substantially improve schedulability by mitigating the over-provisioning problem.
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Key words
Real-time embedded system, real-time scheduling, real-time synchronization, parallel tasks
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