Effect Analysis To Transurethral Flexible Ureteroscopic Holmium Laser Lithotripsy For Treatment Of Kidney Calculi (2-4 Cm)

Objective: This paper aims at studying the efficacy of transurethral flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for treatment of kidney calculi with a diameter of 2-4 cm.Methods: Retrospective analysis was carried out to renal calculi patients who underwent the transurethral flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy between June 2014 and June 2015. Twenty-three of 32 cases of calculi were located in the pelvis, 3 of upper calyx, 4 of middle calyx and 2 of distal calyx about 2.4-4.0 cm in diameter. Double J catheter was indwelled in the bladder 1 week before operation. The transurethral flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy was performed under total intravenous anesthesia. KUB and CT were rechecked 1 week after operation. Diameter of calculus fragments >= 4 mm means they are significant calculus fragments.Results: All cases were successfully placed in endoscopic sheath and flexible ureteroscope. The success rate of one-time inserting was 100%. Mean duration of operation was 87 (42-108) minutes. The clearance of single operation was 90.6% (29/32), 3 cases in second operation with a finally clearance of 96.9% (31/32) and 9 of postoperative urinary tract infection (UTI) with fever.Conclusion: The transurethral flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for treatment of kidney calculi with a diameter of 2-4 cm has reliable effects, good safety and high calculus clearance.