Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Diagnostic Criteria And Surgical Treatment

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most frequent type of liver malignancy. Purpose: To assess the prognostic value of morphological and immunological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma. Material and methods: Cross-sectional analysis of the prospective study was performed at the JSC National Scientific Center of Surgery, named after A. Syzganov, among 45 patients with HCC (19, 42.2%) and chronic liver disease (26, 44.4%). The average age of the patients was 44.6 +/- 2.9 years. The patients with hepatocellular carcinoma underwent surgical liver resection and radiofrequency ablation, and transarterial chemoembolization, before living-donor liver transplantation. Results: A positive antibody titer for hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus as well as a double positive titer for hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. Patients with elevated levels of alfa-fetoprotein, alanine aminotransferase, and total bilirubin were detected. Morphological signs of hepatocellular carcinoma with a predominance of a trabecular hepatocellular carcinoma type rather than a solid type of tumor were found. Living-donor liver transplantation was performed on five (26.3%) patients with hepatocellular carcinoma according to the Barcelona clinic liver cancer stage (0-1) and cirrhosis (Child-Pugh A or A-B) after transarterial chemoembolization procedures. Liver resection was performed on five (26.3%) patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. One-year survival rate was 89.5% in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Survival of less than 1 year was observed in 2 (10.5%) cases after repeated transarterial chemoembolization among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusions: The diagnosis and determination of the tactics of surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma should be studied, taking into account the expanded laboratory characteristics of cancer.