Mass Spectrometry-Based Direct Analytical Techniques

Direct analysis of samples is considered as one of the most environmentally sustainable solutions in analytical chemistry. In the ideal case, such solutions do not require sample preparation and analytes separation steps, therefore do not consumpt harmful substances (or consumpt only minimum amounts of them) and do not generate hazardous waste. Technical solutions for direct analysis also offer miniaturized and field-portable analyzers or allow for remote measurements, posing no risk for human health. Among available direct analytical techniques, mass spectrometry-based solutions evolved tremendously in recent years and therefore gained a huge popularity, which fostered their implementation in a wide range of areas of interest. In this chapter, MS-based direct analytical techniques providing environmentally friendly analysis of samples of even complex matrix composition were discussed. They were characterized in the context of principles of measurement, advantages, and limitations as well as fields of their applications. Also, important aspects of their applicability were highlighted. Finally, some future trends in direct analysis field were indicated.