Root Yield, Sugar Content And White Sugar Yield In Dependence On Year And Sugar Beet Variety

Field experiments carried out in the years 2018 - 2019 on the plots of PD Devio Nove Sady studied the influence of climatic conditions of the year on the root yield, sugar content and refined sugar yield of 14 varieties of sugar beet (Alabaster, Belania, Brian, Ferret, Francessa, Julischka, Kosmas, Livius, Marenka, Nicolaus, Sioux, Terra, Vandana, Varios). The production-experimental area is located at the border of maize and beet production areas. By statistical analysis, we confirmed the highly significant influence of temperature and precipitations, varieties, as well as their interaction on root yield, sugar content and refined sugar yield. The year 2019 recorded a statistically significant higher average root yield (74.5 t ha(-1)) together with higher fluctuation of the yield of the tested set of varieties in the range of 27.26 t ha(-1) in comparison with 2018 (71.7 t ha(-1)) with a yield range between varieties of 16.46 t ha(-1). In 2018, higher average sugar content was observed (16.85%), while in 2019 the average sugar content was 14.32%. The higher average sugar content in 2018 was associated with lower fluctuations in sugar values between varieties with a range of 1.84%. As well as the root yield and sugar content, the refined sugar yield fluctuation was also highly significant between the years, with an average refined sugar yield of 10.7 t ha(-1) in 2018 and 9.2 t ha(-1) in 2019. The highest average refined sugar yield for both studied years was found in Terra variety (11.32 t ha(-1)) together with the Nicolaus (10.79 t ha(-1)), Sioux (10.67 t ha(-1)) and Brian (10.52 t ha(-1)) varieties, between which there was no statistically significant difference.