High-Fever As An Initial Manifestation Of Sarcomatoid Carcinoma Of Renal Pelvis: A Case Report And Literature Review

Background: Renal pelvis sarcomatoid carcinoma (RPSC) is a rare neoplasm originating from the urinary tract. The behavior of this tumor is often invasive, with a poor prognosis. Case presentation: A 63-year-old man presented with hyperpyrexia and left loin intermittent pain for a period of one month. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a 5.6 x 4.6 cm irregular mass with slight contrast enhancement, arising from the upper pole of his left kidney. He received a radical left nephrectomy. Pathologic examination disclosed sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma, an unusual subtype of urothelial carcinoma with an invasive course. His postoperative course was uneventful and he was discharged on the eighth day. Conclusion: Hyperpyrexia and loin pain as the initial symptoms of RPSC is rare. This is the first case in which reported high-fever as a sign of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the renal pelvis in the literature.