Estimation of the Polarity of Stationary Phases for Gas Chromatography Based on Spectral Parameters

The applicability of stationary liquid phases for gas–liquid chromatography was evaluated. The scale for quantitative one-parameter estimation of their polarity was chosen. Absorption and luminescence spectra of the five indicators coumarin 153, coumarin 314, coronene, 4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6-[4-(dimethylamino)styryl]-4H-pyran (DCM), and 3-aminophthalimide in solvents of different polarity were obtained at room temperature. The dependence of the fluorescence and absorption maxima wavelengths on the medium polarity was evaluated. Various spectroscopic polarity scales were compared to show that the coronene fluorescence scale was most appropriate. This scale was used to assess the polarity of some widespread phases (squalane, polydimethylsiloxane PMS-100, 3,3′-oxydipropionitrile, 2-ethylhexylsebacate, etc.) for gas-liquid chromatography. This approach was shown to be promising for preliminary selection of chromatographic stationary phases.