In Vitro Lytic Efficiency Of Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteriophages In Bacteria From Bovine Mastitis: A Meta-Analysis

Bacteriophages have been investigated as alternative to the treatment of bacterial infections, including bovine mastitis, in production animals. In this meta-analysis, we evaluated in vitro efficiency of phages of Staphylococcus aureus against S. aureus, which is involved in the etiology of bovine mastitis. Seventeen studies were included and the bacterial lytic activity was extracted using proportion analysis. The lytic efficiency of phages was obtained in this meta-analysis using a random-effects model [significant difference (P<0.05)]. Forest plots were used to graphically represent the efficiency of phages on bacterial isolates. Most phages (e.g., CS1, DW2, Phi SA011, Phi SA012, Phi SA022, Phi SA023, Phi SA024, Phi SA025, Phi SA037, Phi SA038, Phi SA039, Phi SA041, Phi SA042, Phi SA043, Phi SA044, MSA6, Ufv-aur2 to Ufv-aur11, SAH-1, SPW, vB_SauM_JS25, SaPh1 to SaPh6, SA, SANF, SA2, Phi SA012, Phi SA039, phi11, phiIPLA88, phiIPLA35, phiIPLA-RODI, phiIPLA-C1C, SAJK-IND, vBSP-A1, vBSP-A2, STA1.ST29, EB1.ST11, EB1.ST27, Remus, and ISP) were efficiently lytics or infected most S. aureus isolates, demonstrating 80% (P<0.05) lytic efficiency. The phages SA, SANF and SA2, also demonstrated lytic activity or infected the non-Staphylococcus aureus and Macrococcus caseolyticus isolates. In this meta-analysis, we compared and demonstrated the in vitro efficiency and host range of S. aureus phages. Additionally, the phages represent an alternative to be researched to treat bovine mastitis in dairy cattle caused by the prevalent microorganism, S. aureus.