Aromatase Inhibitor-induced Musculoskeletal Syndrome: a Review of Rehabilitation Interventions

Purpose of Review The purpose of this narrative review is to highlight clinically relevant characteristics and rehabilitation interventions for aromatase inhibitor-induced musculoskeletal syndrome (AIMSS). Recent Findings AIMSS is a constellation of musculoskeletal symptoms including arthralgias, myalgias, and stiffness resulting from estrogen deprivation. The etiology likely relates to estrogen’s role in pain, immune, and skeletal, cartilaginous modulation. Rehabilitation strategies include medications and supplements, resistance, and aerobic exercises. Majority of the rehabilitation studies evaluated exercise interventions. Summary AIMSS continues to be a broadly defined condition. The exact pathophysiology has not yet been discovered. Rehabilitation management is multi-dimensional and future research may consider a biopsychosocial approach. While exercise interventions are the most widely studied, there is a need to identify effective exercise protocols. Future research should also evaluate the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions specifically for AIMSS populations.