Efficacy Of Lenalidomide And Bortezomib For Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Aml) Or Myelodysplastic Syndrome (Mds) Relapsing After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

Introduction: AML and MDS are advanced myeloid malignancies more common among older adults and generally associated with poor outcomes. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) may cure a proportion of affected patients, but disease relapse remains common and is associated with dismal survival. High doses of lenalidomide may modulate graft-vs-leukemia (GvL) effects, and have shown encouraging responses for relapsed AML. Bortezomib may also augment GvL and potentiate the effect of other chemotherapeutics. We conducted a phase I study of escalating doses of bortezomib added to high-dose lenalidomide in patients with AML and MDS, who had relapsed following HCT.