Palladium nanoparticle biosynthesis via Yerba Mate ( Ilex paraguariensis ) extract: an efficient eco-friendly catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura reactions

This manuscript relates, for the first time, palladium nanoparticle production by bio-reduction using an Ilex paraguariensis aqueous extract. The solid obtained, PdISM, was used as a catalyst in Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling, composing a new eco-friendly, ligand-free, and low cost catalytic system. Excellent yields were obtained in the coupling of aryl iodides and bromides with phenylboronic acid. The same catalyst load was able to be recycled 3x. Graphical Abstract