An efficient protein isolation process for use in Limnospira maxima: A biorefinery approach
Journal of Food Composition and Analysis(2021)
Abstract
With an increasing global population, the demand for protein will place unprecedented pressure on protein production worldwide. The full utilization of microalgae biomass as a nutrient source based on the biorefinery concept remains challenging, especially with regard to protein isolation and extraction. Herein, we report a strategy combining sodium hydroxide and urea to extract nearly 85.4 % of the total proteins from the defatted fraction of pellets in a single step, recovering approximately 76.8 % (weight yield) of the total Limnospira maxima biomass through the process. The content of essential amino acids and of total amino acids was 32.1 % and 39.2 %, respectively. Both of them showed high water solubility. When the pH was 7.0, the water solubility of PE-SA and PE-DPA was 88.4 % and 86.2 %, respectively. Moreover, the two end products (PE-SA and PE-DPA) have different characteristics, which might be used in different food formulations. For instance, the PE-SA fraction contains a pigment protein (C-phycocyanin) that may be exploited as a natural blue colorant in functional beverages. Meanwhile, the PE-DPA fraction has a higher protein content, making it a potential protein resource in nutritional supplements or other plant protein-based foods.
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Key words
Spirulina,Microalgae,Protein extraction,Membrane protein,Solubility,Food formulation
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